After a natural coronavirus infection and having been vaccinated, there are significant differences in your immune system.
Which is better
Even asking this question a year ago was considered a “sin” when the first coward could be fatal – especially for the elderly and the unhealthy.
But now we are not starting with zero immunity because too many people have either been vaccinated or have been infected with the coronavirus.
This is a serious question as to whether children should be vaccinated or not. It also raises the question of whether adults should be vaccinated against the virus or booster to boost immunity. Both of these have become controversial.
“We’re embarrassed if we think we can get rid of covid every year by giving extra doses,” said Eleanor Riley, a professor of immunology at the University of Edinburgh.
Professor Adam Finn, a government immunization consultant in the UK, described giving more vaccines to people without access to vaccines in other parts of the world as “not only inequality but also a bit of insanity”.
Structure of the resistance system
We need to know more about the major structure of our immune system and the viruses that attack it.
Antibodies and T-cells of the immune system are powerful pairs that play an important role in protecting the body from infection.
Antibodies attached to the surface of the virus indicate that it must be destroyed. T-cells identify and destroy the cells that the virus controls.
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The thorny spike protein is released from the surface of the virus which is used by the virus as a key to enter the human cell. In addition, the virus has the ability to multiply 28 other proteins and expand thousands of times to control our cells. (For comparison, the human body needs 20,000 proteins to function.)
There are basically four areas that compare the natural transmission of vaccines and viruses.
Width
The immune system learns how to attack the virus
You can gain greater immunity from a virus infection than from a vaccine.
Whether you are vaccinated with Moderna or Pfizer or Oxford-AstraZeneca, your body is learning to recognize spike proteins.
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It is also important to make antibodies against the virus. As a result, unprecedented results have been seen in many people not having to go to the hospital.
But allowing the other 28 proteins to be targeted also gives T-cells more responsibility.
“This means that if you had a real infection, your resistance might be better with a newer variant because you have the ability to fight more than one spike.”
Power
How it prevents infection and prevents serious illness
We know of cases where people have been infected twice and even after being vaccinated.
“Both do not provide complete protection against the virus. But the immunity you get from one of them seems to protect you from serious illness,” says Finn, a professor at the University of Bristol.
The average amount of antibodies is more than one month after vaccination.
But in people with no symptoms and people with severe symptoms, there is a large gap in the amount of antibodies.
The strongest immune response is found in people who have been vaccinated and then vaccinated. We are waiting for statistics on the number of people who have been vaccinated and then infected.
Period
How long does security last?
Antibody levels are found to decrease over time, but may not be significant in controlling serious illness.
The immune system remembers viruses and vaccines and responds quickly when an infection occurs.
There are “memory T-cells” in the body and the B-cells are alert and ready to produce abundant new antibodies on demand. There is evidence that the immune system survives more than a year after infection, and vaccine trials have shown long-term benefits.
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“We’re still looking at sustainability,” said Peter Opensh, a professor at Imperial College London.
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Location
Where in the body is the immune system?
It makes sense. Different groups of antibodies are present in the nose and lungs called immunoglobulin AS. And they are different from the immunoglobulin GS that we test for blood.
The first type of antibody is more important because it works to prevent infection.
The vaccine is usually given by injection into the arm.
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Since natural infections occur in the nose, it may be a good way to get to those antibodies, and now the nasal vaccines Ray is also under investigation.
Paul Kleinerman, a professor of T-cell research at the University of Oxford, says: “Even if the virus is the same, the location of the infection varies, so we can expect a significant difference between a natural infection and a vaccine.”
Vaccination center
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Image caption,
The number of people seriously ill due to vaccination has dropped dramatically
Where has this put us in the balance between more vaccines and the virus?
Even in adults who have not been vaccinated, there is clear evidence that they have a strong immune system if they have been exposed to covid infection before.
But there are two main questions.
Should vaccinated adults be given extra doses, or just exposure to the virus?
Does a child need a vaccine or does a period of infection build up a strong immune system?
It is not uncommon for the RSV virus, or other four types of coronavirus, to invade the respiratory system, as well as other infections, to develop immunity as long as people live with the symptoms of the common cold.
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Each time you are exposed to the virus, your immune system becomes even stronger and continues to grow until it becomes weaker in old age. Infections can then become problematic again.
“It’s not proven, but letting people get infected can be a lot cheaper and easier than spending time vaccinating people,” says Professor Finn.
He warned that “we may fall into the trap of giving too much vaccine without first seeing the need.”
He noted that the fight against children had been won, adding that “although 40 to 50 percent had been infected, most had not fallen ill or become seriously ill.”
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There are also arguments against it. Professor Riley notes that children have long-term covidosis, and that the open virus can cause long-term problems in various parts of the body.
But Professor Riley says the use of vaccines can be helpful in reducing the side effects of covid after infection and in strengthening the immune system.
“We need to reconsider whether we are intimidating people or telling them to move on with confidence. We are now in a position to make people anxious,” she said.
As the infection spreads, there are not many options.
“I’m wondering if this is inevitable,” says Professor Kleinerman. “If the virus continues to spread, the current boosting effect will continue.”
